COHERENT DETECTION

Both static and tunable dispersion modules can be used to emulate chromatic dispersion associated with transmission fiber. Low-loss dispersion emulators can be particularly helpful for dispersion ranges well above 10 000 ps/nm as seen in long-haul systems. Our low-noise semiconductor laser sources, such as the tunable narrow-linewidth laser, can be used as a local oscillator for multilevel modulation format transmission experiments using coherent detection.